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The Duty to Defend and the Affirmative Defense

Specific jurisdictional flourishes notwithstanding, the duty to defend analysis typically involves some form of the "eight corners rule," whereby the four corners of the insurance policy are measured against the four corners of the complaint (and sometimes extrinsic evidence) in order to determine whether or not the claims set out in the complaint trigger the insurer's duty to defend.

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Specific jurisdictional flourishes notwithstanding, the duty to defend analysis typically involves some form of the “eight corners rule,” whereby the four corners of the insurance policy are measured against the four corners of the complaint (and sometimes extrinsic evidence) in order to determine whether or not the claims set out in the complaint trigger the insurer’s duty to defend. When the insured itself initiates a suit, it is not uncommon for the defendant to assert affirmative defenses against the insured’s complaint. In such a context, courts must determine whether or not a responsive pleading ‘ taking the form of either a counterclaim or an affirmative defense ‘ can trigger the duty to defend in the same way that a traditional lawsuit does.

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