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Now can I ship wine to out-of-state consumers? That's what people at wineries, and even retailers, have been asking e-commerce counsel since the Supreme Court decided <i>Granholm v. Heald</i>, which struck down wine-shipping regulations in Michigan and New York as discriminatory under the Dormant Commerce Clause. There are at least 50 answers to the question.

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Who's doing what; who's moving where.

Covenants Not to Compete Found Unenforceable in Georgia

If you have registered a few dozen Uniform Franchise Offering Circulars ("UFOCs") and spent the better part of 2008 converting your current stable to the Amended Rule's disclosure format, you can probably relate to the throbbing headache we experienced during this spring's annual filing season when we registered our clients' freshly converted franchise disclosure documents ("FDDs") with state franchise agencies. Before the annual spring filing crunch, we had found clear sailing in registering FDDs early.'

In many states, the statutory definition of "franchise" has been, and could be, construed broadly to include relationships between brand owners and their trademark licensees, even though neither party intended to create a franchise relationship. Brand owners can only avoid the franchise surprise if they know the rules of the game.

A company's domain name is often the most fundamental basis for trademark and branding efforts. Ideally, the choice of a domain name is made after conducting searches for potentially identical or confusing domains. But even if such due diligence is conducted, with the millions of domain names registered under the various extensions and country codes, it is not possible to guarantee that the domain name will not potentially conflict with someone else's trademark rights.

A metatag is a coding statement for a Web site in the Hypertext Markup Language that describes the site's content. The information provided in metatags can be used by search engines to determine Web page relevancy and to influence search results. In a surprising development, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin has determined that the use of metatags in Web site code does not create initial interest confusion, because current search engines no longer use metatags to determine the relative relevance of a Web site, preferring instead to use algorithms that rank the Web sites by the number of other sites that link or point to them.

At one time or another, every trademark holder must deal with infringement on the Internet. After years of chasing individual infringers, many brand owners seek relief from those who provide the means for infringement. Yet these efforts have had limited success, at least in the United States. In some jurisdictions, search engines have avoided liability for sales of trademarks as keywords, under the doctrine of non-trademark use.