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Coverage for 'Restitution' Claims, Public Policy Notwithstanding
Insurance carriers frequently argue that when insureds face claims for “disgorgement” or “restitution,” they need not defend or indemnify under a wide-range of liability policies. Carriers argue that, at least in California, public policy bars coverage for such claims including claims alleging failure to pay employees overtime, failure to pay taxes and penalties, and, in the intellectual property area, for disgorgement of “ill-gotten gains” or payment of a defendant's profits as a measure of damages. Insurance carriers advance this argument under various policies, including commercial general liability (CGL), directors and officers (D&O), employment practices liability (EPL), and errors and omissions (E&O) policies.
The carriers' argument typically is premised on the California Supreme Court's decision in Bank of the West v. Superior Court, 2 Cal. 4th 1254, 833 P.2d 545, 10 Cal. Rptr. 2d 538 (1992). There, the court addressed the question of coverage under a policy for restitution ordered under the Unfair Business Practices Act. However, the policy involved in Bank of the West was a CGL policy. It provided narrower coverage than is provided by other policies, such as D&O, EPL, and E&O policies. It obligated the insurance carrier to indemnify the insured only for payments of “damages,” while other policies may obligate a carrier to pay for the “total amount” that the insured is obligated to pay, including damages, judgments, settlements, defense costs, and attorneys' fees. Therefore, the Bank of the West holding actually is very limited ' when a policy covers only “damages” and the claim against the insured is one where “damages” are not available, then the policy does not provide coverage. That holding should not preclude coverage under broader policies or as to theories of liability for which damages may be recovered.
The Article 8 Opt In
The Article 8 opt-in election adds an additional layer of complexity to the already labyrinthine rules governing perfection of security interests under the UCC. A lender that is unaware of the nuances created by the opt in (may find its security interest vulnerable to being primed by another party that has taken steps to perfect in a superior manner under the circumstances.
Major Differences In UK, U.S. Copyright Laws
This article highlights how copyright law in the United Kingdom differs from U.S. copyright law, and points out differences that may be crucial to entertainment and media businesses familiar with U.S law that are interested in operating in the United Kingdom or under UK law. The article also briefly addresses contrasts in UK and U.S. trademark law.
Beach Boys Songs Written Decades Ago Triggered Current Quarrel With Lawyers
There's current litigation in the ongoing Beach Boys litigation saga. A lawsuit filed in 2019 against Nevada residents Mike Love and his wife Jacquelyne in the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada that alleges inaccurate payment by the Loves under the retainer agreement and seeks $84.5 million in damages.
Strategy vs. Tactics: Two Sides of a Difficult Coin
With each successive large-scale cyber attack, it is slowly becoming clear that ransomware attacks are targeting the critical infrastructure of the most powerful country on the planet. Understanding the strategy, and tactics of our opponents, as well as the strategy and the tactics we implement as a response are vital to victory.
Transfer Tax Implications on Real Property Leases
The real property transfer tax does not apply to all leases, and understanding the tax rules of the applicable jurisdiction can allow parties to plan ahead to avoid unnecessary tax liability.