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Putting Plaintiff to the Test: The Crashworthiness Doctrine

By Joseph J. Ortego, James W. Weller, and Santo Borruso

The plaintiff's burden of proof in a 'crashworthiness case' is dramatically higher than in the standard product liability action. In the automotive context, these cases are sometimes referred to as 'second collision' cases because the manufacturer's liability is based not upon the 'first collision' between the vehicles involved in the accident, but upon the 'second collision' comprised of the physical contact made between the plaintiff's body and the vehicle's interior. Generally, in a crashworthiness case, the plaintiff must prove that the alleged defect enhanced his or her injuries beyond what would have otherwise been sustained in the collision. A failure to meet the weighty burden of proof in a crashworthiness case can be fatal to one's case. The first part of this two-part series discussed a recent New York case, Katz v. Ford Motor Company and Hempstead Ford, Inc., No. 18933-00 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., Suffolk Cty., Dec. 7, 2005), and the definition of crashworthiness. The second part addresses whether the crashworthiness doctrine applies to a 'failure to deploy' case, how to charge the jury, and how to apportion the damages among tort-feasors.

Does the Crashworthiness Doctrine Apply to a 'Failure to Deploy' Case?

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