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Tools for Challenging Settlements

By Sheila R. Caudle and Jonathan Cohen
June 29, 2006

A policyholder, claiming that its insurer is engaging in improper foot dragging while the policyholder faces huge liability exposure, enters into a settlement. It does so without the insurer's consent. Then the policyholder de-mands that the insurer fund the settlement. The insurer objects. In the litigation that is sure to follow, the insurer need not be on the defensive ' even if it breached its contractual obligations. Instead, several legal tools are available to an insurer to effectively challenge coverage for the settlement.

First, if an insurer is not in breach of its contractual obligations and does not consent to the settlement, there is significant, explicit authority that the settlement cannot be enforced against the insurer if the insurer's objections to the settlement are reasonable. In fact, research has not uncovered a case in which a court declined to recognize the principle that a non-breaching insurer may withhold consent as long as it has a reasonable basis to do so. Second, even if an insurer is in breach, numerous courts hold that the settlement cannot be enforced if it is unreasonable or not the product of good faith. The leading cases for both doctrines are found in New Jersey.

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