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Coverage Disputes Involving Multiple Insureds or Claimants

By Jennifer R. Devery and Stacy A. Puente
July 31, 2006

Coverage disputes may become more complicated when multiple co-insureds or claimants assert rights to coverage under the same finite set of policy limits. For instance, some policyholders have argued that when co-insureds are seeking coverage under the same policy, the insurer must reserve a portion of the available policy limits for each insured so as to ratably distribute the available funds ' even while presently pending claims remain outstanding against one of those insureds. If this were correct, however, the insurer would be placed in an untenable position. If the insurer is required to forego the reasonable settlement of presently pending claims in order to preserve shared limits for co-insureds, the insured facing outstanding claims could argue that the insurer violated its good faith duty to settle on its behalf when the opportunity arose. On the other hand, other co-insureds might later argue that the insurer violated the duty of good faith by failing to preserve adequate limits for future claims ' leaving the insurer in what is essentially a no-win situation.

How then may an insurer reconcile its duty to protect the interests of all co-insureds or claimants without being forced to pay out claims above and beyond the policy limits? Absent any policy provision governing the distribution of proceeds in these situations, courts have held that, except in very limited circumstances where there was evidence of insurer bad faith, an insurer's obligations to each respective insured are clear: Limits are to be paid out on a first-come, first-served basis until the policy limits have been exhausted.

The Rule: First Come, First Served

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