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Undocumented Youth

By Andrew Schepard and Theo Liebmann
August 01, 2006

Like other minors, illegal immigrant children and youth end up in Family Court through abuse, neglect, guardianship or delinquency cases. Some come to the United States on their own to escape abusive home environments; some are kicked out of their homes and illegally sent to the United States by parents who refuse to care for them anymore; and some are brought to the United States illegally by their parents and then abused, neglected, or abandoned once the family is here.

There are very few ways for children to gain legal status in the U.S. as permanent residents. Almost all such methods ' like political asylum applications and family petitions ' are available only in very limited circumstances, and children are far less aware of these options than undocumented adults.

For children and youth who end up in the Family Court system, however, there is some hope for escaping the bleak life of an undocumented immigrant. In 1990, Congress enacted a provision of the Immigration and Nationality Act which allows children who are under the jurisdiction of a state's family or juvenile court to seek permanent legal residence (commonly called a Green Card) through an application called a special immigrant juvenile (SIJ) petition. Immigration and Nationality Act ' 101(a)(27)(J), 8 USC '1101(a)(27)(J) (2003), 8 CFR '204.11(a). The new provision recognizes that children for whom the state has become a guardian already have many challenges in their lives and should be provided a unique and compassionate method for becoming legal residents. (An additional federal statute, the Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM) Act, which has been stalled in Congress since 2001, would allow temporary conditional legal status for undocumented youth who are high school graduates and have lived in the United States for at least 5 years.)

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