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The Federal Stored Communications Act: Third-Party Subpoena to E-mail Service Provider of Anonymous Party Ruled Invalid

By Jeffrey D. Neuburger and Maureen E. Garde
September 18, 2006

Are electronic records maintained by an electronic communications service provider fair game for discovery in civil litigation? In O'Grady v. The Superior Court of Santa Clara County (Apple Computer, Inc.), 139 Cal. App. 4th 1423, 44 Cal. Rptr. 3d 72 (Ct. App, 6th Dist. 2006), a California state appeals court quashed a civil subpoena seeking e-mail records from an e-mail service provider, citing provisions of the federal Stored Communications Act ('SCA'), 18 U.S.C. ”2701-2712, that prohibit service providers from disclosing the contents of stored electronic communications. The ruling is controversial because it appears to be the first time, in the 20 years since the enactment of the SCA in 1986, that a court has held that the Act prohibits civil litigants from obtaining discovery of electronic communications from providers of e-mail and other electronic communications services, even when a court has reviewed and approved the subpoena.

The issue was raised during Apple Computer's highly publicized effort to learn the identity of the anonymous individuals who were responsible for leaking the company's confidential new product information to Web site operators who ultimately posted it publicly on the Internet. Apple filed a 'John Doe' suit against the anonymous leakers and then proceeded to seek discovery that might reveal their identities. Presumably, at least one of the leakers (or the only leaker) was an Apple employee, but Apple asserted that its own internal investigation had failed to reveal the source of the leak.

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