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Legal Presumptions of Consumer Confusion and Injury in Lanham Act Cases

By Bruce Colbath
November 30, 2014

On July 29, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit “clarified certain aspects of [its] false advertising jurisprudence” and held that, where literal falsity and deliberate deception have been proved in a market with only two players, it is appropriate to use legal presumptions of consumer confusion and injury for the purposes of finding liability in a false advertising case brought under the Lanham Act. Merck Eprova AG v. Gnosis S.p.A., No. 12-4218 (2d Cir. July 29, 2014).

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