LJN Newsletters

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction (Oct. 25, 1980, T.I.A.S. No. 11670) is not a vehicle for deciding child access questions. Instead, its main purpose is to ensure that abducted children are returned to their country of habitual residence. It presumes that custody and visitation disputes are properly resolved in the country where the child habitually resides. The Convention applies in cases where: 1) both the country of the child's habitual residence and the country to which the child was taken have acceded to the Convention; 2) the child in question is younger than 16 years of age; and 3) the child has been "wrongfully removed or retained" in breach of rights of custody under the law of the state of the child's habitually residence.

Although at the moment the state of New York is generating very little news on gay family issues, cases in other jurisdictions may eventually have some impact on the state, perhaps as argument when similar issues arise here, or at least with respect to how families formed in other states are treated when they relocate to New York.

From brick-and-mortar Wal-Marts to boutique e-commerce setups, U.S. e-tail sales were strong in the third quarter, most likely driven by news of increased national productivity and a rosier outlook for the economy.

Recent developments in e-commerce law and in the e-commerce industry.

Two bills aimed at establishing strict national anti-spam legislation in Canada expired when the last session of Parliament ended in November without them being enacted, but the legislators who introduced the measures vowed to reintroduce the bills in the next session of Parliament, which is expected to begin Jan. 12, 2004. The bills, as drafted, would subject people who violate the laws to hefty fines, imprisonment, or both.

Recent court rulings in e-commerce.

In the Nov. 11 edition of The Wall Street Journal, Ian Harvey, chief executive of tech firm BTG plc, said "if the European Commission were looking for a way to cripple technological innovation in Europe, it could hardly have come up with a better proposal than its proposed rules on technology transfer." Indeed, that proposal will no longer govern merely patents and know-how, but also software-copyright licenses - a move that might very well have a big impact on a variety of e-commerce business models.

In late September 2003, Enron Corp. and Enron North America Corp. sued more than 40 banks and financial institution defendants for knowingly participating with insiders of Enron in a "multi-year scheme to manipulate and misstate Enron's financial condition." Complaint at '1.