Foreign-Tax Evasion As Mail and Wire Fraud
February 06, 2004
With deficits plaguing the federal budget, prosecutors might be expected to concentrate their efforts on enforcing U.S. tax laws. Yet federal prosecutors have recently brought charges under the mail and wire fraud statutes (18 U.S.C. '' 1341, 1343) in cases involving the evasion of foreign taxes. Foreign governments themselves have brought civil suits under the RICO statute (18 U.S.C. ''1961 et seq.), on the theory that the evasion of foreign taxes constitutes a predicate act of mail or wire fraud. The courts have split on whether this works. Generally, RICO claims by foreign governments have failed. Criminal prosecutions for fraud and money laundering have been upheld by the Second and Fourth Circuits, but rejected by the First Circuit. The issue may soon reach the Supreme Court.
Cooperation, Confidentiality and Waiver: Is There a Solution?
February 06, 2004
Much has been written, in this newsletter and elsewhere, about the dilemma faced by corporations that want to cooperate with a government investigation by acceding to government "requests" for information protected by the attorney-client and work product privileges, while at the same time attempting to protect the otherwise privileged information from disclosure to the litigious world at large. Recent turf battles between federal and state prosecutors and regulators have only made more difficult any attempt to resolve the tension between two perceived needs: to cooperate, and to preserve confidentiality.
Beware of the Boilerplate Introduction
February 01, 2004
Many franchise agreements begin with an introductory paragraph, a "witnesseth" statement or various recitals that tout the virtues of the franchisor's business or systems. These introductory statements might state that the franchisor has "developed a proven system," "developed and perfected a system," or "developed a uniform system" for operating a particular type of business. The introductory statements also might highlight the success, reputation, or positive image of the franchisor's business systems.
Court Watch
February 01, 2004
Highlights of the latest franchising cases from around the country.
News Briefs
February 01, 2004
Highlights of the latest franchising news from around the country.
The Threat from Within: California Employees Become Labor Code Enforcers
February 01, 2004
On Oct. 12, 2003, then-California Gov. Gray Davis signed Senate Bill 796 into law and created a new private right of action for California employees to enforce most provisions of the Labor Code (with the exception of certain workers' compensation provisions). S.B. 796 will likely have significant implications for all California employers, both for franchisors with either company-owned or franchised units in California, and franchisees operating in the state.
Helping a Client Select an e-Billing System
February 01, 2004
Law firms have a legitimate interest in encouraging clients to select and implement e-billing software that is cost-neutral or, preferably, advantageous to the firm. While many factors contribute to a mutually profitable e-billing setup, your research and potential advice to the client should cover at least these basics.
IRS Proposes New Obligations for Tax Advisers
February 01, 2004
With the stated purpose of restoring, promoting and maintaining the public's confidence in professionals providing tax advice, the Internal Revenue Service has issued proposed regulations that set forth "best practices" applicable to all tax advisers and mandatory requirements for advisers who provide certain tax shelter opinions. These proposed regulations, issued on Dec. 29, 2003, apply to all tax advisers who practice before the IRS (eg, lawyers and accountants) but are not intended to alter or supplement other ethical standards applicable to practitioners (such as the Rules of Professional Conduct).
