Wage Claims under Labor Law: Executives Need Not Apply
Wage claims under Section 191 of the Labor Law are a handy gadget in a plaintiff's toolbox. Such statutory claims provide not merely for recovery of lost wages but also liquidated damages equal to 25% of the total wages due as well as attorneys' fees and costs. Section 191, however, has an Achilles heel, and that is its application to supervisors and executives or, better put, its inapplicability to them.
Non-Competition Law in France and the EU
In the international arena, U.S. employers should refrain from seeking to blindly impose the "American way" of drafting and implementing restrictive covenants in an attempt to harmonize their employees' working conditions all over the world. Indeed, there is simply no such a thing as a standard restrictive covenant that could be implemented whatever the location of the workplace in the world.
'Faithless Servant' Must Surrender All Income
The Second Circuit, in a rare venture into the realm of damages resulting from a breach of the duty of loyalty, has ruled that a "faithless servant" must surrender all income, including investment opportunities, after the date the disloyal acts began.
Media Tips for Bankruptcy Lawyers
Is it safe to put your reputation in the hands of a reporter you do not know and have no reason to trust? Yes, but only if you follow the rules. Whether you are on the debtor or creditor side, following the rules will have you quoted often in the media, because reporters will know you are a good source for their bankruptcy-related stories.
The Wagoner Doctrine Keeps Rolling
A truism of bankruptcy is that assets available to pay creditors are few and far between. Among them are causes of action, and thus both debtors and trustees rightly hoard the right to sue third parties. Does the debtor or trustee have standing to sue when the entity brought the harm upon itself? Generally, the answer is no, and thus in this present environment of corporate misdeeds and scandals, litigation against outsiders is foreclosed by the debtor's own misfeasance.
Releasing the Albatross
Last month, we discussed the fact that Chapter 11 cases can last for months or years after plan confirmation solely as a result of unresolved disputed claims. To address the speedy resolution of such claims, debtors have increasingly turned to mandatory "alternative dispute resolution" (ADR). We discussed the utilization of voluntary ADR by bankruptcy courts, and the implementation of ADR procedures. This month, we discuss The Sixth Circuit's Decision in Spierer v. Federated Department Stores, et al. (In re Federated Department Stores), 328 F. 3d 829 (6th Cir. 2003) (hereinafter, "Federated"), wherein the Sixth Circuit affirmed the power of the bankruptcy courts to implement mandatory ADR procedures
'My Claim Is What?'
For many years, the holder of a stock redemption claim against a company in bankruptcy faced almost certain demotion to the class of interest holders. No matter how long ago the stock redemption occurred, no matter the solvency of the company, and no matter how innocent the holder appeared, any claim for unpaid installments due under a stock redemption agreement was sent to the back of the line. In 1996, the Supreme Court issued a decision that rekindled hope for stock redemption claimants; recent case law, unfortunately, has failed to maintain a uniform front on this issue.
'As Is' Deals: What Do the Parties Really Mean?
In today's competitive commercial real estate market, landlords and tenants spend much time and effort to structure lease transactions to add value to their respective portfolios. They each factor into their economic analysis relevant concerns such as rent, construction costs, construction build-out periods, operating expenses and revenue forecasts. An additional factor that should be considered in this process is the cost incurred by both parties to administer the lease obligations during the lease term for ongoing maintenance, repair and replacement items.
In the Spotlight: Agreement to Agree, Enforceable?
Recently, the Court of Special Appeals of Maryland held that a letter of intent was binding on the parties. <i>Windsor Development, L.L.C. v. Clearcomm Technologies, Inc., No. 999 (Md.App. filed Aug. 5, 2002).</i> The court granted a summary judgment motion enforcing the provisions of the letter of intent relying on the "plain and unambiguous" language.
