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Settlement Negotiators Beware: Verbal Negotiations May Have Unintended Consequences
Many corporate and litigation counsel know that oral settlement agreements may be enforceable. However, such counsel should be aware that terms discussed as mere possibilities during settlement negotiations may be mistakenly or knowingly misconstrued by an opposing party as an actual settlement agreement or an offer to settle. The former, or acceptance of the latter, could lead to two undesirable results if opposing counsel seeks enforcement by the court. First, the court could require an unwanted lengthy and expensive evidentiary proceeding to determine whether or not such an agreement occurred ' an outcome which would be based solely on the credibility of the witnesses involved. Second, and even worse, the court could enforce an unintended settlement agreement. In fact, if the underlying lawsuit is pending in federal court, such unintended and unwanted results could occur even if the otherwise applicable state law has a writing requirement.
Based on a policy favoring the settlement of lawsuits and the avoidance of costly and time-consuming litigation, many courts have held that a trial court may enforce an oral settlement agreement. See, eg, Kukla v. National Distillers Products Co., 483 F.2d 619, 621 (6th Cir. 1973); Taylor v. Gordon Flesch Co., 793 F.2d 858, 862 (7th Cir. 1986). This may be true even if the parties contemplate that a written agreement embodying the terms agreed to will later be prepared and executed. See, eg, Matter of Estate of McCormick, 926 P.2d 360, 363 (Wyo. 1996)
The DOJ's Corporate Enforcement Policy: One Year Later
The DOJ's Criminal Division issued three declinations since the issuance of the revised CEP a year ago. Review of these cases gives insight into DOJ's implementation of the new policy in practice.
The DOJ's New Parameters for Evaluating Corporate Compliance Programs
The parameters set forth in the DOJ's memorandum have implications not only for the government's evaluation of compliance programs in the context of criminal charging decisions, but also for how defense counsel structure their conference-room advocacy seeking declinations or lesser sanctions in both criminal and civil investigations.
Use of Deferred Prosecution Agreements In White Collar Investigations
This article discusses the practical and policy reasons for the use of DPAs and NPAs in white-collar criminal investigations, and considers the NDAA's new reporting provision and its relationship with other efforts to enhance transparency in DOJ decision-making.
A Lawyer's System for Active Reading
Active reading comprises many daily tasks lawyers engage in, including highlighting, annotating, note taking, comparing and searching texts. It demands more than flipping or turning pages.
Bankruptcy Sales: Finding a Diamond In the Rough
There is no efficient market for the sale of bankruptcy assets. Inefficient markets yield a transactional drag, potentially dampening the ability of debtors and trustees to maximize value for creditors. This article identifies ways in which investors may more easily discover bankruptcy asset sales.