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'Follow the Settlements' Doctrine: Implications on a Reinsured's Allocation and Aggregation of Losses

By Stephen T. Murray and Steven J. Torres

The applicability of the bedrock reinsurance principle of “follow the settlements” is at the core of an increasing number of recent reinsurance disputes concerning whether a reinsurer must follow the manner its reinsureds allocate and aggregate underlying losses. Over the last 5 years, a number of courts have addressed whether the doctrine of “follow the settlements” precludes a reinsurer from second-guessing its reinsured's determination of how it allocated and/or aggregated losses in resolving disputes with the underlying insured. As discussed more fully below, reinsureds typically argue that under the “follow the settlements” doctrine, a reinsurer must defer to the allocation and aggregation decisions of its reinsured, provided those decisions are made in good faith. Reinsurers on the other hand, typically argue that “follow the settlements” is not unlimited, but that the reinsured's decisions must be consistent with the language of the reinsurance agreement.

Commercial insurers are regularly faced with losses that occur over time, and implicate multiple policy periods and multiple insured locations as commonly seen in pollution claims. In resolving these types of losses, the insured and insurer typically reach agreement about how to allocate such losses to the policies, and specifically, how such losses erode the insured's policy limits, or implicate the insured's deductible, retention or retrospective premium, as the case may be. Such matters, moreover, are important to the insurer's ability to collect reinsurance proceeds, as the manner in which the underlying settlement is allocated can dictate the specific reinsurance policies that are applicable and the retention that applies to any reinsurance proceeds.

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