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All Tied Up: Independent Ink, Inc. v. Illinois Tool Works, Inc. and Trident, Inc.

By Scott A. Sher and Charles P. Reichmann
October 06, 2005

On June 20, 2005, the Supreme Court granted certiorari in an important case for intellectual property holders seeking to navigate the sometimes-conflicting dictates of patent and antitrust law. In Independent Ink, Inc. v. Illinois Tool Works, Inc., and Trident, Inc., 396 F.3d 1492 (Fed. Cir. 2005), the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit held that a patent establishes a rebuttable presumption of market power in a tying case brought under Section 1 of the Sherman Act. The ruling has put the Federal Circuit at odds with several lower courts, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission and a host of academic critics, each of which maintain that patent rights do not, by themselves, give rise to an inference of market power, and that any rule to the contrary has the potential to reduce legitimate incentives to innovate.

The Federal Circuit's ruling has been widely criticized because it makes it easier to bring tying suits against intellectual property holders, thereby further complicating life for companies already ensnared in various patent thickets. Moreover, because the Federal Circuit has taken a particularly expansive view of its own jurisdiction, the ruling in Independent Ink has a potentially greater impact on the law of tying than would a ruling by any other Court of Appeal.

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