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The Law of Custom and Usage Evidence in Insurance and Reinsurance Contracts
Reinsurance and insurance contracts would be thousands of pages long if they explicitly defined every possible term, however mundane, or if they anticipated every possible contingency, however remote. Fortunately, (or perhaps unfortunately) for the drafters of these contracts, the U.S. legal system typically employs a more streamlined model. That is, parties commit to an agreement with the understanding that courts and other adjudicatory bodies may play a role in filling in contractual “gaps” and giving meaning to indefinite or indeterminate contractual terms. Cf. Phelps Dodge Corp. v. Schumacher Elec. Corp., 2005 U.S. App. LEXIS 14318 (7th Cir. 2005). Although there are a number of methods by which a court can interpret a contract, the importation of custom and usage evidence plays a special role in illuminating insurance and reinsurance contracts. This article explores whether and when courts will admit such evidence, and it divides into three sections: First, the article explains the rules that courts will employ when they determine whether and when to admit custom and usage evidence; second, it considers the effect of integration clauses on the possible importation of custom and usage evidence; and, third, it provides several practical suggestions for a party seeking to import custom and usage evidence.
Admissibility of Custom and Usage Evidence ' The General Rule
Major Differences In UK, U.S. Copyright Laws
This article highlights how copyright law in the United Kingdom differs from U.S. copyright law, and points out differences that may be crucial to entertainment and media businesses familiar with U.S law that are interested in operating in the United Kingdom or under UK law. The article also briefly addresses contrasts in UK and U.S. trademark law.
Beach Boys Songs Written Decades Ago Triggered Current Quarrel With Lawyers
There's current litigation in the ongoing Beach Boys litigation saga. A lawsuit filed in 2019 against Nevada residents Mike Love and his wife Jacquelyne in the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada that alleges inaccurate payment by the Loves under the retainer agreement and seeks $84.5 million in damages.
Strategy vs. Tactics: Two Sides of a Difficult Coin
With each successive large-scale cyber attack, it is slowly becoming clear that ransomware attacks are targeting the critical infrastructure of the most powerful country on the planet. Understanding the strategy, and tactics of our opponents, as well as the strategy and the tactics we implement as a response are vital to victory.
Transfer Tax Implications on Real Property Leases
The real property transfer tax does not apply to all leases, and understanding the tax rules of the applicable jurisdiction can allow parties to plan ahead to avoid unnecessary tax liability.
Removing Restrictive Covenants In New York
In Rockwell v. Despart, the New York Supreme Court, Third Department, recently revisited a recurring question: When may a landowner seek judicial removal of a covenant restricting use of her land?