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Substitution of 'The Sums' or 'Those Sums' for 'All Sums' Does Not Alter the Scope of Coverage

By Michael T. Sharkey
March 01, 2006

One of the major issues for the past quarter century in the litigation of coverage disputes relating to liability for alleged long-term or latent injury or damage (such as those arising from asbestos bodily injury, environmental property damage, or other mass torts) has been “allocation.” In particular, insurance companies and policyholders have disputed the scope of coverage provided by an “occurrence”-based general liability policy triggered by injury or damage during its policy period, when the same occurrence also caused harm in other policy periods.

Insurance companies typically seek to have the loss prorated over time (under one of a variety of formulae put forth in various cases by the insurance companies), and to impose on the policyholder that portion of the loss that is thereby assigned to periods where the policyholder had no applicable insurance, or where there are other problems with coverage (eg, the carriers for that period are insolvent). See, e.g., N. States Power Co. v. Fid. & Cas. Co., 523 N.W.2d 657, 662-63 (Minn. 1994) (prorating by time on the risk); Owens-Illinois, Inc. v. United Ins. Co., 650 A.2d 974, 994-95 (N.J. 1994) (prorating by time on the risk and policy limits); Uniroyal, Inc. v. Home Ins. Co., 707 F. Supp. 1368, 1393-94 (E.D.N.Y. 1988) (prorating by measure of exposure during policy period); Conductron Corp. v. Am. Employers Ins. Co., Nos. 93-E-149, 93-C-599, slip op. at 19-22 (N.H. Super. Ct. Mar. 4, 1997) (prorating based on a detailed formula); Consol. Edison Co. of N.Y., Inc. v. Allstate Ins. Co., 774 N.E.2d 687, 695 (N.Y. 2002) (discussing different proration formulae invented by courts adopting this approach).

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