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Part One of a Two-Part Series
The commercial value of a patent derives from the fact that it confers upon its owner a legally enforceable exclusionary right, i.e., the right to exclude others from operating within the product or process space defined by the patent claims. A patent that current and prospective infringers know will never be asserted against them has zero economic value. Thus, a patent implicitly carries with it the potentiality, i.e., the threat, of assertion, and the value of the patent ultimately reflects the collective commercial risk that potential infringement litigation targets assign to that threat. On the other hand, patent assertion as a monetization model implies something more. Typically, the assertion entity has no other business and thus is not vulnerable to counterclaims for infringement of its targets' patents. It says to the target, 'We have a patent that covers what you are doing. Pay us a royalty or we will sue you.' The assertion model is essentially a zero-sum game, and the pejorative moniker 'patent trolls' has come into vogue as a way to describe those who exploit this model, although there is considerable controversy surrounding what attributes distinguish a troll from a legitimate patent enforcer. The value proposition for the troll's target is either to pay for a nonexclusive license (or covenant not to sue), or to contest infringement and/or validity of the patent in court and risk a damages award in the form of a reasonable royalty (which may be trebled for willful infringement) ' or worse, the possibility of an injunction.
There's current litigation in the ongoing Beach Boys litigation saga. A lawsuit filed in 2019 against Nevada residents Mike Love and his wife Jacquelyne in the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada that alleges inaccurate payment by the Loves under the retainer agreement and seeks $84.5 million in damages.
This article highlights how copyright law in the United Kingdom differs from U.S. copyright law, and points out differences that may be crucial to entertainment and media businesses familiar with U.S law that are interested in operating in the United Kingdom or under UK law. The article also briefly addresses contrasts in UK and U.S. trademark law.
With each successive large-scale cyber attack, it is slowly becoming clear that ransomware attacks are targeting the critical infrastructure of the most powerful country on the planet. Understanding the strategy, and tactics of our opponents, as well as the strategy and the tactics we implement as a response are vital to victory.
The Article 8 opt-in election adds an additional layer of complexity to the already labyrinthine rules governing perfection of security interests under the UCC. A lender that is unaware of the nuances created by the opt in (may find its security interest vulnerable to being primed by another party that has taken steps to perfect in a superior manner under the circumstances.
The real property transfer tax does not apply to all leases, and understanding the tax rules of the applicable jurisdiction can allow parties to plan ahead to avoid unnecessary tax liability.