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While punitive ' or exemplary ' damages are rarely imposed in product liability matters, they do sometimes occur. One strategy to minimize the risk of a punitive damages award is to present a robust defense against economic-damages claims: Punitive damages are often measured in relation to the economic harm suffered by plaintiffs. Rigorous analysis of the actual harm may be the best defense against exemplary punishment, especially in light of such recent decisions as BMW of North America v. Gore, 517 U.S. 559 (1996) and State Farm v. Campbell, 538 U.S. 408 (2003), establishing that a punitive damages award cannot be “grossly excessive” in light of, inter alia, the ratio of punitive damages to compensatory damages and the state statutory penalties for similar conduct.
Arguments Against Punitive Damages
The parameters set forth in the DOJ's memorandum have implications not only for the government's evaluation of compliance programs in the context of criminal charging decisions, but also for how defense counsel structure their conference-room advocacy seeking declinations or lesser sanctions in both criminal and civil investigations.
The DOJ's Criminal Division issued three declinations since the issuance of the revised CEP a year ago. Review of these cases gives insight into DOJ's implementation of the new policy in practice.
This article discusses the practical and policy reasons for the use of DPAs and NPAs in white-collar criminal investigations, and considers the NDAA's new reporting provision and its relationship with other efforts to enhance transparency in DOJ decision-making.
There is no efficient market for the sale of bankruptcy assets. Inefficient markets yield a transactional drag, potentially dampening the ability of debtors and trustees to maximize value for creditors. This article identifies ways in which investors may more easily discover bankruptcy asset sales.
Active reading comprises many daily tasks lawyers engage in, including highlighting, annotating, note taking, comparing and searching texts. It demands more than flipping or turning pages.