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The Changing Tide of Declaratory Judgment Jurisdiction in Patent Cases

By Paul A. Ragusa and Jennifer Lazo
April 27, 2009

It has been just over two years since the U.S. Supreme Court changed the rules respecting when a party may bring a declaratory judgment action to challenge whether its activities infringe a patent of another, or whether the patent is valid or enforceable. See MedImmune, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc., 127 S. Ct. 764 (2007). In a now famous footnote, the Court ruled that the then-longstanding “reasonable apprehension” test could not be harmonized with its own precedent, which required an examination of all circumstances. Id. at 774 n.11.

During the last two years, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has decided a series of cases that collectively explore what circumstances are sufficient, or insufficient, to establish declaratory judgment jurisdiction in the context of a patent dispute. Several of these decisions, which have put patentees at an increased risk for declaratory judgment lawsuits, are addressed below.

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