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Custody Awards and 'Zones of Decision-Making'
The overriding policy that governs New York law with regard to custody determinations is that “there shall be no prima facie right to the custody of the child by either parent but the court shall determine what is for the best interests of the child.” Domestic Relations Law ' 240. New York courts traditionally awarded the “custody” or “sole custody” of a child to one parent and visitation rights to the “non-custodial parent.” Since the 1960s, New York Courts have also sometimes awarded the parents “joint custody.”
In more recent years, New York courts have divided “spheres,” or “zones of decision-making,” between the parents, in addition to determining the physical custody of the child. Courts have had little difficulty categorizing the “zones” of parental decision-making. The cases break down the areas of decisions into religion, education, choice of schools, extra-curricular activities (including after-school and recreational programs), tutoring, summer camp, health (medical, dental, therapy, counseling, psychological or psychiatric treatment, doctors and surgeons), finances, and citizenship. But what prompts the courts to make these types of custody determinations? A review of the case law reveals the many and varied considerations that have formed the basis for awarding parents “zones of decision-making.”
The Article 8 Opt In
The Article 8 opt-in election adds an additional layer of complexity to the already labyrinthine rules governing perfection of security interests under the UCC. A lender that is unaware of the nuances created by the opt in (may find its security interest vulnerable to being primed by another party that has taken steps to perfect in a superior manner under the circumstances.
Beach Boys Songs Written Decades Ago Triggered Current Quarrel With Lawyers
There's current litigation in the ongoing Beach Boys litigation saga. A lawsuit filed in 2019 against Nevada residents Mike Love and his wife Jacquelyne in the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada that alleges inaccurate payment by the Loves under the retainer agreement and seeks $84.5 million in damages.
Major Differences In UK, U.S. Copyright Laws
This article highlights how copyright law in the United Kingdom differs from U.S. copyright law, and points out differences that may be crucial to entertainment and media businesses familiar with U.S law that are interested in operating in the United Kingdom or under UK law. The article also briefly addresses contrasts in UK and U.S. trademark law.
Strategy vs. Tactics: Two Sides of a Difficult Coin
With each successive large-scale cyber attack, it is slowly becoming clear that ransomware attacks are targeting the critical infrastructure of the most powerful country on the planet. Understanding the strategy, and tactics of our opponents, as well as the strategy and the tactics we implement as a response are vital to victory.
Transfer Tax Implications on Real Property Leases
The real property transfer tax does not apply to all leases, and understanding the tax rules of the applicable jurisdiction can allow parties to plan ahead to avoid unnecessary tax liability.