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Fighting Encroachment Claims with Clear Contract Language

By Jay W. Schlosser
September 28, 2011

Two relatively recent court decisions addressing the common franchise issue of encroachment re-confirm the importance of carefully drafting each provision in a franchise agreement and shed some additional light on how courts will view and address encroachment claims going forward. In both cases, the court dismissed a franchisee's claim that a franchisor had breached the franchise agreement by encroaching on an alleged protected territory. Importantly, for the franchisor, in both cases the encroachment claims were dismissed very early in the litigation based on the franchisor's motion to dismiss pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The court's focus in each decision was the specific and unambiguous language of the relevant territory provision, as well as other provisions in the franchise agreement.

In addition to providing legal guidance regarding encroachment claims, these decisions re-emphasize how important it is that franchisors and/or their counsel take the time to carefully and thoroughly read, draft, and revise (if necessary) the language in their franchise agreements to fully protect their rights and ensure that their intentions in entering into the franchise agreement are enforced. By drafting and maintaining precise, unambiguous, and complete language in their franchise agreements, the franchisor in each case was not only able to escape liability on an asserted claim, thereby avoiding a potential large monetary judgment, it was also able to avoid spending a significant amount of money on protracted litigation attempting to interpret and apply ambiguous language.

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