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Second Circuit Vacates Conviction of Pharmaceutical Sales Rep
On Dec. 3, 2012, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, in United States v. Caronia, 703 F.3d 149 (2d Cir. 2012), vacated the criminal conviction of former pharmaceutical sales representative Alfred Caronia, whose conviction stemmed from off-label promotion of a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug. Notably, the court based its decision on First Amendment grounds, and held that the government cannot prosecute pharmaceutical manufacturers and their representatives “for speech promoting the lawful, off-label use of an FDA-approved drug.” Id. at 169.
The DOJ's Criminal Division issued three declinations since the issuance of the revised CEP a year ago. Review of these cases gives insight into DOJ's implementation of the new policy in practice.
The parameters set forth in the DOJ's memorandum have implications not only for the government's evaluation of compliance programs in the context of criminal charging decisions, but also for how defense counsel structure their conference-room advocacy seeking declinations or lesser sanctions in both criminal and civil investigations.
This article discusses the practical and policy reasons for the use of DPAs and NPAs in white-collar criminal investigations, and considers the NDAA's new reporting provision and its relationship with other efforts to enhance transparency in DOJ decision-making.
Active reading comprises many daily tasks lawyers engage in, including highlighting, annotating, note taking, comparing and searching texts. It demands more than flipping or turning pages.
There is no efficient market for the sale of bankruptcy assets. Inefficient markets yield a transactional drag, potentially dampening the ability of debtors and trustees to maximize value for creditors. This article identifies ways in which investors may more easily discover bankruptcy asset sales.