Before the Canadian Copyright Act was amended in 1998, copying any copyrighted sound recording for almost any purpose infringed copyright in Canada. The 1998 amendment legalized copying of sound recordings for the private use of the person who makes the copy. But it was unclear whether the amendment legalized Internet music downloading. In Dec. 2003, the Canadian Copyright Board determined that downloading music from peer-to-peer file-sharing services is legal as long as the downloaded file is used as a "personal copy." In its recent determination, however, the Board didn't declare uploading to be legal and stopped shy of completely legalizing peer-to-peer music trading.
January 01, 2004Steve GordonIn an industry plagued by shrinking CD sales, the rapid growth in the consumer market for ring tones has been a music business bright spot. In fact, a number of companies have entered the market to provide musical compositions for use by consumers as ring tones for cell phones. The contracts for these companies to license songs from copyright owners vary, and this article touches on many of the issues involved.
January 01, 2004Jeffrey Brabec and Todd BrabecRecently filed cases in entertainment law, straight from the steps of the Los Angeles Superior Court.
January 01, 2004ALM Staff | Law Journal Newsletters |Negotiations in the entertainment industry are often set down in deal memos that are many times followed by more formal agreements. A complication arises when parties dispute whether a deal memo or a subsequent draft agreement is the enforceable document. This issue recently was considered in a case in California that arose over negotiations for music publishing rights.
January 01, 2004Stan SoocherFor more than a decade, Susan P. Kezios has been one of the most outspoken and effective advocates for franchisees. The organization that she founded in 1993, the American Franchisee Association (AFA), lobbies on behalf of franchisees and conducts numerous educational seminars and conferences throughout the year. In this Q&A, Kezios discusses the most prominent challenges that franchisees face today and gives her "insider" perspective on how those challenges can be surmounted.
January 01, 2004ALM Staff | Law Journal Newsletters |Highlights of the latest franchisng cases from around the country.
January 01, 2004Susan H. Morton and David W. OppenheimHighlights of the lastest franchising news from around the country.
January 01, 2004ALM Staff | Law Journal Newsletters |The globalization of American franchise networks is one of the hallmarks of franchising's explosive growth during the past three decades. The International Franchise Association (IFA) notes that during the past decade, almost half of all units established by U.S. franchisors were situated outside of this country. Approximately 500 U.S. franchise networks have a global presence. McDonald's, now in 119 countries, features more than 10,000 foreign franchises; 7-Eleven, more than 18,000; YUM! Brands Inc. (Pizza Hut/KFC/ Taco Bell/A&W/ Long John Silvers) more than 11,000 (adding 1,000 new restaurants a year during the past 3 years); and, InterContinental Hotels Group (the franchisor of Holiday Inns, InterContinental Hotels, and Staybridge Suites) nearly 1,000.
However, a recent intellectual property decision handed down on Oct. 23, 2003 by the European Court of Justice threatens not only established American franchisors doing business on that continent, but those thinking of joining their ranks.January 01, 2004David J. Kaufmann
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